How to pronounce“substituent”in English

These rules about substituent prefixes are mostly the same for alkenes and alkynes.

as a substituent so it's a feny group and then we got one two so it's a two pheny ethanol right we got this alcohol then I turn this alcohol into a double

We place the substituents that point up on the Haworth in the positions on the chair that point above the ring.

And the substituents are put in alphabetical order, like we normally do.

As more substituents are added to cyclohexane, the interactions become more noticeable.

And how more bulky substituents should be equatorial when drawing cyclohexanes in chair conformations, because that’s more energetically favorable.

There aren’t any substituents, so there’s no prefix, and we’re done!